Effect of Induced Autotetraploidy on Response to Sclerotinia Clover Rot in Trifolium pratense L.

The effect of induced autotetraploidy on the response of red clover to Sclerotinia clover rot (SCR) was studied under laboratory, glasshouse and field conditions. To assess the response in the laboratory, the detached leaf technique was employed, whereas in the glasshouse and in the field, 6—14 weeks old seedlings and adult plants, respectively, were artificially inoculated with the pathogen grain inoculum. The results of the studies showed that great genotypic variability occurs within diploid (2×)and tetraploid (4×)red clover in response to that disease. Generally, tetraploid red clover, in comparison to diploid, is more resistant to SCR. The laboratory, glasshouse and field experiments showed that the effect of induced autotetraploidy on SCR resistance is positive. The hardening of plant with light and temperature enlarged the differences in reponse to SCR between ploidy levels, family pairs and individual strains with every testing method. Other factors, like plant age and flowering time, influencing red clover response to SCR are also discussed.     

Optimal allocation of resources in evaluating current sunflower inbred lines for resistance to Sclerotinia

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary is a major limiting factor for sunflower (Helianthus annuus) production. This study was conducted to (1) evaluate a large number of current sunflower lines for their reaction to Sclerotinia, and (2) determine the optimum allocation of resources for their selection. A set of 85 inbred lines was screened under artificial leaf infection in three environments. The test revealed ample variation for all resistance traits in the current germplasm. A line selected from NDBLOS, an oilseed sunflower germplasm poo, and its derivatives were most resistant to Sclerotinia. Lines derived from interspecific crosses with the wild species Helianthus tuberosus and Helianthus argophyllus also showed satisfactory Sclerotinia resistance. The evaluation of five plants per plot in two replications and four environments appears to be a reasonable allocation of resources in order to optimize the selection response.     

Artificial inoculation and susceptibility of Pinus armandii to Dothistroma septosporum

Dothistroma needle blight (DNB) is a serious needle disease of conifers that primarily affects pine species (Pinus spp.). Dothistroma septosporum is one of the DNB pathogens that has a diverse range of host species excluding Pinus armandii. In 15 inoculated P. armandii seedlings, D. septosporum acervuli were observed in 43 infected needles of ten seedlings with a mean disease severity of 1.11% at 25 weeks after inoculations, demonstrating the potential of D. septosporum to cause symptoms on the needles of P. armandii via artificial inoculation. The disease severity of P. armandii was similar to the positive control, Pinus nigra (median 0.75 for P. armandii to 0.70 for P. nigra), thus, P. armandii acts under artificial conditions as a susceptible host species.     

铁皮石斛人工繁育技术

以铁皮石斛商品瓶苗和盆栽苗茎段为试材,添加不同浓度6-BA、NAA,诱导茎段腋芽、原球茎和不定根,建立再生体系,快速繁殖铁皮石斛组培苗,以期为秦岭淮河一线以北地区人工繁殖铁皮石斛提供参考依据。结果表明:外植体宜采用70%酒精浸泡20 s,0.1%升汞浸泡8 min消毒;MS+6-BA 3.0~5.0 mg·L^-1+NAA 0.1~1.0 mg·L^-1适合腋芽分化和增殖,分化率92%~100%;1/2MS+6-BA 2.0 mg·L^-1+NAA 0.5 mg·L^-1+土豆泥15%适合原球茎诱导增殖,增殖倍数7.7;1/2MS+NAA 0.3 mg·L^-1生根率为100%;以松针土移栽,成活率83%。     

马铃薯脱毒组培快繁技术与实践

病毒病是为害马铃薯生长的主要病害之一,长期的无性繁育,使病毒长期积累,导致马铃薯世代带毒繁育,严重影响了马铃薯的品种特性。在了解马铃薯病毒病的基础上,采用热处理加茎尖培养的方式获得马铃薯脱毒苗;在此基础上,利用植物组织培养技术,在一定时间内繁育生产所需种苗,并通过炼苗、移栽等环节,建立马铃薯脱毒种苗繁育体系,从而获得脱毒马铃薯良种。     

西藏山南地区栽培草地的现状与发展

西藏山南地区地处西藏腹地,农牧业交错,宽阔、平缓的河谷农田灌溉便利、土质肥沃,是西藏的粮食主产区,也是西藏栽培草地建设的主要地区.西藏20世纪70年代开始发展栽培草地,2009年栽培草地面积3.3万hm2,其中山南地区种草8 400 hm2,占全区种草总面积的25.5%.为提高冬季饲草储量,近年来,通过调整种植结构、种...     

火龙果茎段再生体系的建立

对火龙果茎段离体培养与植株再生过程进行了研究,建立了火龙果的再生体系。结果表明:愈伤最适诱导培养基为:MS+TDZ 0.4mg/L+KT 0.5mg/L+蔗糖30mg/L+琼脂8.8mg/L;丛生芽增殖最适培养基为:MS+TDZ 0.4mg/L+KT 1.0mg/L+BA 1.0mg/L蔗糖30mg/L+琼脂8.8mg/L;生根最适培养基为:1/2MS+NAA 0.3mg/L蔗糖30mg/L+琼脂8.8mg/L(pH 5.8)。     

'霍巴'海棠组培快繁技术研究

以‘霍巴’海棠(Malus‘Hopa’)的茎尖和带腋芽的幼嫩茎段为外植体,建立了比较高效的‘霍巴’海棠组培快繁体系。结果表明:‘霍巴’海棠茎尖及茎段外植体在MS+6-BA0.1mg/L+IAA 0.2mg/L+3%蔗糖+0.48%琼脂(pH 5.8)培养基上生长状况较好;将其组培苗在WPM+6-BA 0.5mg/L+NAA 0.1mg/L+ZT 0.01mg/L+3%蔗糖+0.48%琼脂(pH 5.8)培养基上继代培养40d左右,继代增殖系数均可达到3.0左右;再经1/2 WPM+NAA0.8mg/L+1.5%蔗糖+0.48%琼脂(pH 5.8)培养基生根壮苗后,移栽成活率可达97.5%。     

凹叶厚朴在熊岳树木园的引种繁殖研究

总结了熊岳树木园凹叶厚朴的引种生长表现情况,并对凹叶厚朴的繁育技术提出了关键性的技术措施。     

珍稀濒危植物青岛老鹤草扦插繁殖研究

对珍稀濒危植物青岛老鹳草扦插繁殖技术进行研究。结果表明:基质、激素及其浓度、浸蘸时间对青岛老鹳草叶插、茎插生根效果有显著影响;叶插最优组合为:珍珠岩作基质,在IBA 100mg/L中浸蘸5s;茎插最优组合为:基质为草炭:素沙(1:1),在国光生根粉200mg/L中浸蘸15s。